Introduction
Medico Legal Report is such report which is prepared by a medical officer in criminal cases, such as assault, battery, rape, murder, poisoning, etc. After preparation of this report it is sent to the court along with the file of case for the guidance of the investigating officer. This report may be demanded by the court of law, police officer, lawyer, public official or by patient himself.
Definition of Medico Legal Report
Medico Legal Report is such report which is prepared by a medical officer in criminal cases, such as assault, battery, rape, murder, poisoning, etc, on the demand of authorized person to present it in the court of law.
Who can prepare Medico Legal Report?
A medico legal report can be prepared by a medical officer in criminal cases on the demand of authorized person to present it in the court of law.
Examples:
Examples of these reports are,
a. Injury report.
b. Post mortem report.
c. Age certificate.
d. Certificate of medical illness.
e. Certificate in connection with sexual offenses.
Essentials of Medico Legal Report
Following are the essential elements of Medico Legal Report. Details are as under.
1. Written
It is necessary that Medico legal report should be written by the medical officer, immediately after completion of medical examination of the patient.
2. Presence of Medical Officer
Presence of the medical officer is necessary at the time of examination of the patient. Medico legal report should be written by Medical officer.
3. Careful Examination of injured
It is necessary that the injured person should be examined by medical officer with intensive care so that facts may be observed
4. Cause of Injury
It is necessary that after careful examination of the injured person the cause of injury should be mentioned in the medico legal report by medical officer
5. Cause of Death
It is necessary that in case of death of patient after careful examination of the body, the cause of death should be mentioned in the medico legal report by medical officer
6. Particulars of report
It is necessary that after completion of careful examination of the patient, the medical officer should mention patient's name, parentage, age, address, place of occurrence, types. of injuries, and causes of injuries in the medico legal report.
7. Formal language
It is very necessary that medico legal report should be in formal language and no technical language should be used in the report so that the court may be able to understand the facts mentioned in the report.
8. Description
It is necessary that the medical officer should mention the type of weapons used It is in the description. As well as medical officer is under an obligation to mention the facts observed only.
Purposes of medico legal report
Following are the purposes of the medico legal report. Details are as under.
1. Identification
Primary objective of the medico legal report is provision of identification of deceased person if it is out of identification such as in case of explosions, fire, accidents, unknown bodies or flood; it is only possible by DNA report.
2. Cause of injury
Secondary objective of the medico legal report is provide the cause of injury suffered by injured person for the guidance of court of law.
3. Cause of death
Third objective of the medico legal report is provide the cause of death of deceased person. for the guidance of court of law.
4. Finding of facts
Forth objective of the medico legal report is to find out the facts which were caused of injury or cause of death of deceased person for the guidance of the court of law.
5. Final opinion
Final objective of the medico legal report is to provide that whether injury suffered by injured person or death of the deceased person was due to criminal activity or not.
Importance of Medico Legal Report
Medico legal report plays a vital role in administration of criminal justice. It is prepared by the medical officer on the demand of police or court of law or any other authorized official for their assistance to catch the real offender. It provides following facts that:
1. Death is natural or unnatural
Medico legal reports provides that the cause of death is natural or unnatural after complete examination of deceased
2. Accused is insane or not
Medico legal report provides that the accused is insane or not after his complete examination.
3. Injury made by accused or not
Medico legal report provides that the injury suffered is result of act of accused or it has been made by injured person himself.
4. Nature of weapon
Medico legal report provides that the injury was made with sharp edged weapons or blunt. weapons.
5. Fire Arm
Medico legal report provides that the fired arm was fired from long distance or from close distance.
6. Accusation of intercourse is false or not
Medico legal report provides that whether accusation of sexual intercourse is false or not. Such report helps innocent person to prevent him from punishment.
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